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What is a tourniquet? What's the use?
Data: 2022-07-28
tourniquetWhat is it? What's the use?
In medicine, when a nurse is looking for intravenous fluids or blood collection, she will use a rubber tube, tighten the tube to fill up the blood volume, and then the vein will appear. This catheter is calledtourniquet, or a tourniquet. The purpose of applying a tourniquet is to increase local venous filling and facilitate puncture. If the pulse pressure is greater than 1min, the local blood oxygen content decreases, lactic acid increases, and pH decreases.
The correct operation is to tighten firsttourniquetObserve the direction of blood vessels, relax the tourniquet in time, and then disinfect. Before puncture, tighten the tourniquet and take blood immediately. The blood collection action is rapid, and the blood can be seen with one needle, especially for the detection of coagulation specimens, and strive to complete within 1min. The compression time of the tourniquet should not be too long,tourniquetToo tight use for too long, causing blood reflux blocked, vasodilation, increased pressure and decreased blood flow, resulting in fluid loss.
With the emergence of pulse pressure zone, local ischemia (hypoxia) will lead to changes in the concentration of some components. For example, after 80 seconds at the pulse pressure, the concentration of BuN begins to decrease, can decrease by 4% in 120 to 20 seconds, and returns to normal in 240 seconds. After 3 minutes of transmission in the pulse pressure zone, the concentrations of Ca, ALP, AST, Fe and CHo can be increased by 5% ~ 10% respectively, and will drop sharply after 3 minutes of stretching. At this time, oxygen, sugar and anaerobic glycolysis will increase, lactic acid, PH, calcium and magnesium ions and bound proteins will be separated and released, and the concentration of free drug will also increase. Therefore, it is recommended to relax the compression zone immediately after needle penetration. 1 point), so as not to cause blood stasis, cause blood vessel hemolysis or changes in certain blood components. In particular, the pressure pulse region cannot be used for the determination of lactic acid.
After the end of dialysis, the needle should be completely pulled out immediately after pressing, so as not to scratch the vascular wall. Blood pressure should be appropriate, with no bleeding and sensation of vascular tremor. The pressure belt is made of elastic elastic belt, 3cm wide and 20-25cm long. Velcro stitches at both ends. Roll a cylindrical gauze with a diameter of 1.8cm and a length of 30cm into a double-sided tape, paste it in the middle of the elastic band, or directly coat a cotton ball. After blood purification, pull out the puncture needle, press the puncture point for 15-30 minutes, with no bleeding as the premise. In particular, patients can not be careless on the way home, until they reach a safe place, they can remove the pressure pulse belt. For patients with poor coagulation mechanism, the time can be extended appropriately.
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